{"id":5176,"date":"2023-12-31T17:39:46","date_gmt":"2023-12-31T16:39:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lecompagnonrouge.fr\/?p=5176"},"modified":"2025-01-06T11:26:10","modified_gmt":"2025-01-06T10:26:10","slug":"oenothera-ligerica-onagre-de-la-loire","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lecompagnonrouge.fr\/?p=5176","title":{"rendered":"Oenothera cf. ligerica. Onagre de la Loire"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Oenothera ligerica ou Oenothera x ligerica. La plante est un hybride un peu particulier. Les onagres dont le plus probablement celle ci ont, en tous cas en Europe, une forte tendance \u00e0 faire des hybridations intersp\u00e9cifiques stables (rappelant donc l’hybridation intrasp\u00e9cifique en F1; ici il s’agit de clones hybrides fertiles -syst\u00e8me dit Permanent translocation heterozygosity). Et ces hybrides, cas rare dans la nature, sont donc durablement fertiles. Ici hybride d’Oenothera suaveolens et d’Oenothera villosa<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Les Onagres peuvent \u00eatre morphologiquement tr\u00e8s proches. Une difficult\u00e9 suppl\u00e9mentaire est que la d\u00e9termination va impliquer la pilosit\u00e9. Je vais essayer ici de donner les indices en \u00e9vitant au maximum les caract\u00e9ristiques de pilosit\u00e9, pas forc\u00e9ment les plus pratiques (loupe x10 \u00e0 x30 n\u00e9cessaire).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Il manque cependant notamment ici pour la determination, une vue pr\u00e9cise sur la pilosit\u00e9 de l’ovaire. Il y a pour ce degr\u00e9 de pr\u00e9cision dans la d\u00e9termination, tr\u00e8s tr\u00e8s certainement des pr\u00e9cisions \u00e0 attendre, \u00e0 d\u00e9velopper. Voir note en bas du post.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Les diff\u00e9rentes esp\u00e8ces d’Onagres sont divis\u00e9es en sections et sous sections.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2 onagres courantes, biennis (si elle n’est pas confondue) et glazioviana<\/a>, sont de la sous section Oenothera. Elles pr\u00e9sentent des tubes floraux longs. Oenothera longiflora (laquelle est de la sous section Munzia) pr\u00e9sente aussi un long tube floral (hypanthium) et des p\u00e9tales assez grand, lesquels rougissent au fl\u00e9trissement. Pour la sous section Oenothera, les p\u00e9tales ne rougissent pas ou faiblement au fl\u00e9trissement (vieilles fleurs non rouges\/orang\u00e9es). De plus la graine est presque quadrangulaire. Nous sommes donc dans la sous section Oenothera :<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Oenothera:<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

L’Onagre de la Loire est de la sous section oenothera, du complexe d’esp\u00e8ces biennis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sur la photo: tiges, rachis* et capsules ponctu\u00e9es de rouges, s\u00e9pales restant vert jaune (la non ponctuation, non striation des s\u00e9pales excluent O. fallax, O Velutina, O. glazioviana<\/a>.). Le rachis de l’Onagre de la Loire peut \u00eatre stri\u00e9, lav\u00e9 de rouge (confusion alors possible avec O. rubricola), ponctu\u00e9 ou encore vert. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

* rachis: tige de l’\u00e9pi, o\u00f9 s’ins\u00e8re fleurs et fruits, ou encore nervure centrale d’une feuille complexe o\u00f9 s’ins\u00e8re les folioles<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le bouton vert-jaune se r\u00e9tr\u00e9cit progressivement du bas vers le haut. Les pointes des s\u00e9pales sont accol\u00e9es (excluant alors O. parviflora)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

La capsule: les poils de la capsule de l’Onagre de la Loire peuvent cacher ou non les poils glanduleux.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Les stigmates se trouvent entre les anth\u00e8res. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Les p\u00e9tales sont obcord\u00e9s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Note importante. La plante pr\u00e9sent\u00e9e est indiqu\u00e9e comme ressemblant \u00e0 Oenothera ligerica (en manque d’indices suffisamment fiables). C’est \u00e0 partir du document \u00e9manant du CNB de Brest sur les Oenoth\u00e8res de la section \u00e9ponyme que je l’ai distingu\u00e9e ainsi. La cl\u00e9 de ce document rentre un peu en contradiction avec l’alternative 10 de Flora gallica (soit rachis vert ou lav\u00e9 de rougr\u00e2tre clair, soit rachis nettement rouge, au moins en haut). En suivant l’alternative 10 de Flora gallica, j’aurai \u00e9cris Oenothera cf. pycnocarpa, \u00e9galement des bassins moyens de la Loire et du Rh\u00f4ne. C’est \u00e0 dire que l’individu en photo ne correspond que mal au crit\u00e8res de couleurs du rachis indiqu\u00e9s dans cette flore.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tison dans la Flore de la France m\u00e9diterran\u00e9enne continentale, indique que O. pycnocarpa se remarque parce que des feuilles ayant sensiblement la m\u00eame taille que celles de la tige se trouvent dans la grappe de fleurs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ce qui n’est pas le cas ici. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

La classification Dietrich (classification internationale) est sans doute, de mon point de vue en tous cas plus pertinente, mais la classification europ\u00e9enne est utilis\u00e9e et donne des citations \u00e0 caract\u00e8re g\u00e9ographique.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Classification europ\u00e9enne:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Myrtales<\/a>>Onagraceae<\/a>>Oenothera section Oenothera>O. subsect. Oenothera> O. biennis aggr.>Oenothera<\/a> ligerica<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Classification internationale: Myrtales>Onagraceae>Oenothera biennis aggr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

En principe, Loire ou Rh\u00f4ne. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Esp\u00e8ce d’alluvions????? <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lieu ou la plante a \u00e9t\u00e9 photographi\u00e9e. Peu significatif. Hyperagglom\u00e9ration parisienne. Dans l’une de mes jardini\u00e8res. Manifestement offert par un oiseau. L’une de mes voisines, l’un de mes voisins serait donc de la Loire ou du Rh\u00f4ne ….<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Oenothera ligerica ou Oenothera x ligerica. La plante est un hybride un peu particulier. Les onagres dont le plus probablement celle ci ont, en tous cas en Europe, une forte tendance \u00e0 faire des hybridations intersp\u00e9cifiques stables (rappelant donc l’hybridation intrasp\u00e9cifique en F1; ici il s’agit de clones hybrides fertiles -syst\u00e8me dit Permanent translocation heterozygosity)….<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5179,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[847,46],"tags":[846],"class_list":["post-5176","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-oenothera-ligerica","category-onagraceae","tag-onagre-de-la-loire"],"yoast_head":"\nOenothera cf. ligerica. 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