{"id":10323,"date":"2025-07-03T09:17:01","date_gmt":"2025-07-03T07:17:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lecompagnonrouge.fr\/?p=10323"},"modified":"2025-07-20T17:40:52","modified_gmt":"2025-07-20T15:40:52","slug":"castanea-sativa-chataignier","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lecompagnonrouge.fr\/?p=10323","title":{"rendered":"Castanea sativa. Chata\u00eegnier"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Castanea sativa, le chata\u00eegnier, rev\u00eat une certaine importance. Il se distingue par ses grandes feuilles lanc\u00e9ol\u00e9es dent\u00e9es, et son curieux fruit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Castanea<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Les inflorescences accueillent fleurs m\u00e2les et femelles.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Les feuilles ne diff\u00e8rent pas au stade semis:<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"Castanea<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Son tronc d’abord lisse, devient rid\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Origine, position taxonomique:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Esp\u00e8ce du nord est de la m\u00e9diterran\u00e9e (pontique?)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fagales<\/a>>Fagaceae<\/a>>Castanea<\/a> sativa<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ecologie:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cet arbre est d’optimum l\u00e9g\u00e8rement acidocline (\u00e0 large amplitude). Son habitat: <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u03c3A Quercetea fagineo – pubescentis Julve 2017 class. nov. hoc loco.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Castaneo sativae – Quercion petraeae So\u00f3 1962 em. 1971<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Economie:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le bois \u00e9tait utilis\u00e9 notamment pour les piquets. Egalement menuiserie (y compris, des contreplaqu\u00e9s).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fait partie des plantes nourrici\u00e8res de for\u00eats. Admirable en ce sens (je n’aime pas les ch\u00e2taignes). Tout \u00e0 fait le genre de plantes qui permettent l’hypoth\u00e8se d’un contre mod\u00e8le possible (mais a priori non advenu, ou plut\u00f4t pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent) aux soci\u00e9t\u00e9s agricoles. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

L’origine du nord est de la m\u00e9diterran\u00e9e jusqu’en Italie du ch\u00e2taigner a longtemps pos\u00e9e l’hypoth\u00e8se (hardie?) de son introduction par la Rome antique en Gaule. A consid\u00e9rer en tous cas, hors m\u00e9diterran\u00e9e, comme arch\u00e9ophyte<\/a>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Introduction de cette esp\u00e8ce \u00e0 l’\u00e2ge de Fer en ce qui concerne la p\u00e9ninsule armoricaine senso lato (comprenant la Manche). <\/p>\n\n\n\n

La palynologie le trouve en tout \u00e9tat de cause en Dordogne vers 2000 avant JC. De mani\u00e8re t\u00e9nue (il n’est sans doute pas arriv\u00e9 gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 ses p\u00f4ti petons). Tend \u00e0 dispara\u00eetre \u00e0 la fin de l’\u00e2ge de Bronze (les d\u00e9but et milieu de cette p\u00e9riode lui sont favorables). Reprise \u00e9galement durant l’antiquit\u00e9. Il prend ses aises au Moyen-\u00c2ge, notamment au XII. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Foto ci PNRM Parc naturel r\u00e9gional de Millevaches, sommet d’un mamelon, proche village. La base du mamelon est peupl\u00e9e par une for\u00eat courante dans la r\u00e9gion \u00e0 tilleul et \u00e9rable (le sol \u00e9tant n\u00e9anmoins monzo-granodioritique<\/a>), et sous ce type de for\u00eat (plus proche du fond de vallon) se trouvent des ch\u00eanaies: l’ensemble devrait \u00eatre \u00e0 rattacher le plus probablement au Fraxino excelsioris-Quercion roboris.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Castanea sativa, le chata\u00eegnier, rev\u00eat une certaine importance. Il se distingue par ses grandes feuilles lanc\u00e9ol\u00e9es dent\u00e9es, et son curieux fruit. Les inflorescences accueillent fleurs m\u00e2les et femelles. Les feuilles ne diff\u00e8rent pas au stade semis: Son tronc d’abord lisse, devient rid\u00e9. Origine, position taxonomique: Esp\u00e8ce du nord est de la m\u00e9diterran\u00e9e (pontique?) Fagales>Fagaceae>Castanea sativa…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":10325,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1192,981],"tags":[1191],"class_list":["post-10323","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-castanea-sativa","category-fagaceae","tag-chataignier"],"yoast_head":"\nCastanea sativa. 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